So v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim nh\u01b0 Ni v\u00e0 Cr cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng), trong khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 S v\u00e0 P th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Ni v\u00e0 Cr c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh, mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim Ni-Cr, mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 y t\u1ebf d\u00f9ng cho d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i b\u00ean trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khe h\u1edf.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch y t\u1ebf, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Austenitic 316 (AISI 316L), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e9p ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt\u201d. AISI 301 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 xo y t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch y t\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m 420, 440 v\u00e0 17-4PH. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Austenitic 316, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Martensitic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i khi gia c\u00f4ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m khung gh\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, n\u00f4i tr\u1ebb, t\u1ea5m cu\u1ed1i, g\u0103ng tay ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u1ed9t IV v\u00e0 keo d\u00e1n. Do t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 quy c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 y t\u1ebf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u00e0: 304<\/a> Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00eam Mo nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p 316L v\u00e0 317L.<\/p>\n Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18-8, d\u00f2ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m carbon th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. 304L<\/a>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch y t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1926%, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 CR-8% Ni (AISI 304<\/a>) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 trong nha khoa. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1952, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 AISI 316 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 2%Mo m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 si\u00eau carbon AISI 316L v\u00e0 AISI 317L c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi carbon th\u1ea5p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ni l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u y t\u1ebf; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n 94\/27\/EC c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p, r\u0103ng gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh, v.v.) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0,105%; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i (v\u1eadt trang s\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, nh\u1eabn, v\u00f2ng \u0111eo tay, v.v.) ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi da ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0,15Lg\/cm2 m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0y nay, 304 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng ti\u00eam, k\u00e9o y t\u1ebf, k\u1eb9p tay, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dao m\u1ed5.<\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Compared with industrial stainless steel, medical stainless steel has more strict requirements on chemical composition because of its main properties of reducing metal ion dissolution and avoiding local corrosion such as intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion. The content of alloy elements such as Ni and Cr is higher than that of ordinary stainless steel (usually […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2263,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t