H\u1ee3p kim20 (N08020) l\u00e0 si\u00eau h\u1ee3p kim g\u1ed1c niken-s\u1eaft-crom Austenitic c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u1ebd h\u1edf tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clorua, axit sulfuric, axit photphoric v\u00e0 axit nitric. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa 316L v\u00e0 Hastelloy, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 dung d\u1ecbch amin v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p niken amoni.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0n ngu\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 500oC. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung niobi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a cacbua trong v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng NHI\u1ec6T, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u00e0n trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn tranh c\u00e3i: H\u1ee3p kim 20 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hay h\u1ee3p kim niken? V\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken 32-38% c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 36% n\u00ean ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim g\u1ed1c niken l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim20 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim niken. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ASTM A240 bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ee3p kim 20, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ee3p kim 20 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u00ean. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m h\u1ee3p kim20 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM B463, ASME SB463. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 N08904 (904L), N08926(1.4529), v.v., \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u1ee3p kim niken ASTM B.<\/p>\n
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H\u1ee3p kim20 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim niken v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ngu\u1ed9i khi h\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n. Do niken v\u00e0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, ph\u1ed1t pho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh eutectic n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a r\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ec3 austenit \u0111u\u00f4i gai d\u00e0y, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t co ng\u00f3t h\u00f3a r\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t h\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng Ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t h\u00f3a r\u1eafn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 20 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, kh\u00ed clo v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clorua, kh\u00ed clo kh\u00f4, axit formic v\u00e0 axetic, anhydrit, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, 20 h\u1ee3p kim \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p oxy h\u00f3a-kh\u1eed, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit sunfuric v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ion halogen v\u00e0 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch axit sunfuric, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p axit sunfuric.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1951 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong axit sunfuric, h\u1ee3p kim 20 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a th\u00edch cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p axit sunfuric. Trong axit sunfuric s\u00f4i 20% ~ 40%, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. H\u1ee3p kim 20 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u1ef1a, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng, b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, van v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, \u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u1eafp bong b\u00f3ng, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u1ee3p kim20 (N08020) l\u00e0 si\u00eau h\u1ee3p kim g\u1ed1c niken-s\u1eaft-crom Austenitic c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u1ebd h\u1edf tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clorua, axit sulfuric, axit photphoric v\u00e0 axit nitric. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa 316L v\u00e0 Hastelloy, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 dung d\u1ecbch amin v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2200"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2203,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions\/2203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}