{"id":2187,"date":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2187"},"modified":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","modified_gmt":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","slug":"austenitic-heat-resistant-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/austenitic-heat-resistant-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t Austenitic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 309 v\u00e0 310 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p austenit ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr v\u00e0 Ni cao. 309S v\u00e0 310S l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n carbon th\u1ea5p. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 ma tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit 310 l\u00e0 \u03b3 nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t. 310 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 2520\u201d v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t 25% crom v\u00e0 20% niken. 310S v\u00e0 309S kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a 310 ch\u1eadm khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000oC. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 1200oC, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a 310 t\u0103ng nhanh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c axit m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 axit nitric v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 65% ~ 85%.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<p>JIS G4303 SUS 309S, SUS 310S<\/p>\n<p>EN 10088-1 X12CrNi23-13\/ 1.4833, X15CrNiSi25-21\/1.4841, X8CrNi25-21\/ 1.4845<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ASTM<\/td>\n<td>309<\/td>\n<td>309S<\/td>\n<td>310<\/td>\n<td>310S<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<td>.20,20<\/td>\n<td>.00,08<\/td>\n<td>.250,25<\/td>\n<td>.00,08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u0129<\/td>\n<td>1,00<\/td>\n<td>1,00<\/td>\n<td>1,50<\/td>\n<td>1,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mn<\/td>\n<td>2,00<\/td>\n<td>2,00<\/td>\n<td>2,00<\/td>\n<td>2,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>P<\/td>\n<td>.0.045<\/td>\n<td>.0.045<\/td>\n<td>.0.045<\/td>\n<td>.0.045<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S<\/td>\n<td>.030,030<\/td>\n<td>.030,030<\/td>\n<td>.030,030<\/td>\n<td>.030,030<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cr<\/td>\n<td>22.00~24.00<\/td>\n<td>22.00~24.00<\/td>\n<td>24.00~26.00<\/td>\n<td>24.00~26.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ni<\/td>\n<td>12.00~15.00<\/td>\n<td>12.00~15.00<\/td>\n<td>19.00~22.00<\/td>\n<td>19.00~22.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 310 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a b\u1edfi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr cao trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n inox 310, kim lo\u1ea1i Cr c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi oxy t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng oxit Cr2O3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p 310 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i h\u1ebft, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p 310 kho\u00e1c l\u00ean \u201cqu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9\u201d. \u201d, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n kim lo\u1ea1i 310 b\u00ean trong ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p 310 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 crom (Cr) \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 bong tr\u00f3c. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 cao, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec Cr c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u03b1 v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u03b3, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u03b1 d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh pha gi\u00f2n. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 pha gi\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<p>Niken l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u03b3. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb pha \u03b3 sang pha \u03b1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn austenite. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni th\u00edch h\u1ee3p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 309 v\u00e0 310 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p austenit ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr v\u00e0 Ni cao. 309S v\u00e0 310S l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n carbon th\u1ea5p. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 ma tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit 310 l\u00e0 \u03b3 nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t. 310 l\u00e0 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2187"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2188,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187\/revisions\/2188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}