{"id":2167,"date":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2167"},"modified":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","slug":"nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Niken Austenitic"},"content":{"rendered":"

Niken \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenite. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e3o r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i austenit th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ranh gi\u1edbi song sinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit gi\u00e0u niken do n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (SCC). Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 20%. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a niken \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc NaCl 105oC, 22%) trong h\u1ee3p kim Fe-Ni-Cr ch\u1ee9a crom 16%~21%. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit gi\u00e0u niken (NiASS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai pha v\u00e0 ferit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai pha v\u00e0 ferit khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 30%. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i austenit gi\u00e0u niken c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 si\u00eau austenit 254SMO v\u00e0 654SMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ni-Austenitic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
h\u1ee3p kim<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nS\u0129<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nM\u01a1<\/td>\nW<\/td>\nc\u00f3<\/td>\nC\u1ee7<\/td>\nNb<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n6.1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.7<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
654SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n7.3<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 25<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n22.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.6<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n3.0<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 28<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 800<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n20.5<\/td>\n30.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353MA<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n1.6<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 825<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n38.5<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 625<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n21<\/td>\nBal<\/td>\n8.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 690<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 600<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n16.5<\/td>\nBal<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

SANICRO 25, h\u1ee3p kim 22Cr-25Ni, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 700 \u00b0C. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u00e2m n\u00f3ng do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y do r\u00e3o c\u1ee7a SANICRO 25 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit trong kho\u1ea3ng 600~750oC. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n cao, Sanicro 28 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng khoan c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng, v\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t kh\u00ed axit, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y axit photphoric \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y axit si\u00eau photphoric.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p kim 800 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 550 \u0111\u1ebfn 1100oC, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e3o tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t amoniac, metanol v\u00e0 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng l\u00f2 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vinyl clorua v\u00e0 ethylene. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m \u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 cho gi\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p kim 25Cr-35Ni 353Ma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00f2 nung n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u01a1i kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cacbon h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nit\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u crom h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng 353 MA l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Ce, gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p kim 690 ch\u1ee9a 60% niken v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 365oC, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. Trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ee3p kim 690 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic gi\u00e0u niken 254SMO c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u201cCh\u00faa, tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Carl Milles \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995 tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a Nak Strand \u1edf Stockholm. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y cao kho\u1ea3ng 23m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh lam th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 qua l\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n xung quanh ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i, clorua r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 si\u00eau austenit c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao 254SMO r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Niken \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenit. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e3o r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2171,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-activities"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2167"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2172,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions\/2172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}