{"id":2167,"date":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2167"},"modified":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","slug":"nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic Nickel"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nickel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenite. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i th\u00e9p austenit Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a> C\u00e1c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi song song, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit gi\u00e0u niken do n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t bi\u00ean th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u0129 austenit d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (SCC). Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 20%. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a niken \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (105\u2103, dung d\u1ecbch NaCl 22%) trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim Fe-Ni-Cr c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1eeb 16 % \u0111\u1ebfn 21% crom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit gi\u00e0u niken (NiASS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai pha v\u00e0 ferrite t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai pha v\u00e0 ferrite khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 30%. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit gi\u00e0u niken c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/a> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 si\u00eau austenitic 254SMO v\u00e0 654SMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Ni-Austenitic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
H\u1ee3p kim<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nSi<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nMo<\/td>\nW<\/td>\nCo<\/td>\nCu<\/td>\nNb<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n6.1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.7<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
654SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n7.3<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 25<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n22.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.6<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n3.0<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 28<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim 800<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n20.5<\/td>\n30.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353MA<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n1.6<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim 825<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n38.5<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim 625<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n21<\/td>\nBal<\/td>\n8.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 690<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim 600<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n16.5<\/td>\nBal<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

SANICRO 25, m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim 22Cr-25Ni, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 700 \u00b0C. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t si\u00eau n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a SANICRO 25 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit trong ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 600 \u0111\u1ebfn 750 \u00b0C. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit \u0103n m\u00f2n cao, Sanicro 28 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng khoan c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn, v\u1ecf gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 axit, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit photphoric v\u00e0 axit photphoric si\u00eau \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim 800 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 550 \u0111\u1ebfn 1100 \u00b0C, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ra c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t amoniac, metanol v\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vinyl clorua v\u00e0 ethylene. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m \u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 cho c\u00e1c l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1t d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m thanh v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p kim 353Ma c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 25Cr-35Ni \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00f2 nung v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c kh\u00ed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nit\u01a1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng 353 MA v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Ce, gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp oxit b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim 690 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 60% niken v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 365\u2103, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ee3p kim 690 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic gi\u00e0u niken 254SMO c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cGod, Over the Rainbow\u201d c\u1ee7a Carl Milles \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995 tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a Nak Strand \u1edf Stockholm. T\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao kho\u1ea3ng 23m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m du l\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111i qua m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n xung quanh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i, clorua r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 si\u00eau austenit c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao 254SMO c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nickel is known to be an expensive alloying element and is essential in some applications where both stress corrosion resistance and austenite structure are required. For example, creep resistance is important in high temperature environments, where austenitic stainless steels are needed. Similar to the traditional austenitic stainless steels, the twin boundary is a significant feature […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2171,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-activities"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t