{"id":2144,"date":"2021-05-13T13:40:57","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T13:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2144"},"modified":"2021-05-13T13:50:56","modified_gmt":"2021-05-13T13:50:56","slug":"dual-grade-stainless-steel-304-304l-316-316l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/dual-grade-stainless-steel-304-304l-316-316l\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai l\u1edbp 304 \/304L, 316\/316L"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 75% trong t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p 304\/304L c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,03%, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i 304L, trong khi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">304\/304L<\/a> th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a 304L v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn k\u00e9p 304\/304H v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 304H (t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 0,040%) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t 304H, c\u00f3 316\/<a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/316-316l-stainless-steel\/\">316L<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 carbon v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o ra. Carbon l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenit hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit \u0111\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,02% ~ 0,04%. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t sau khi h\u00e0n, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p carbon th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,030%. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i \u201cH\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0,04% ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Cr, Ni v\u00e0 Mo l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao nh\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, carbon c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a crom m\u1ea1nh trong ma tr\u1eadn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u1edbi cacbua gi\u00e0u crom v\u00e0 pha th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u1edf ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf t\u00e2m h\u1ea1t, do \u0111\u00f3 cacbua crom l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>Crom l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng crom cacbua b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, do \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh cacbua trong h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i carbon th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon 304L v\u00e0 316L nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,030%, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Austenite h\u1ee3p kim cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 6%Mo \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,020%. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon gi\u1ea3m, m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 xen k\u1ebd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nit\u01a1 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 hai l\u1edbp v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn LNG nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00e9p Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai quan t\u00e2m, vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 75% trong t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p 304\/304L c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2146,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2144"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2144\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2148,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2144\/revisions\/2148"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}