{"id":2130,"date":"2021-04-09T08:56:42","date_gmt":"2021-04-09T08:56:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2130"},"modified":"2021-04-09T08:56:42","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T08:56:42","slug":"304-stainless-steel-vs-403-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/304-stainless-steel-vs-403-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 VS th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 403"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1edbp 304 v\u00e0 430 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit crom-niken th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 7,93 g \/ cm3, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 300 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao 800oC, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t (ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac). 304L l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a 304, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee7 sau h\u00e0n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5 d\u00e0y (kho\u1ea3ng 5mm tr\u1edf l\u00ean). H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao h\u01a1n 304H c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac austenite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Crom 430 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 18\/0 ho\u1eb7c 18-0, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng 400. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n austenite, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n austenite, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh titan l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u , \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng. 430F l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft t\u1ef1 do tr\u00ean th\u00e9p 430, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111ai \u1ed1c, v.v. 430LX b\u1ed5 sung Ti ho\u1eb7c Nb trong th\u00e9p 430, gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u00e0n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1ec7 sinh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n, b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0 xe \u0111\u1ea1p, v.v.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A240- Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m, t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 crom v\u00e0 niken-niken d\u00f9ng cho b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a \u00edt h\u01a1n 0,12% carbon, t\u1eeb 16-18% crom v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n 0,75% niken, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa 304 v\u00e0 430 nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
UNS<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nS\u0129<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nM\u01a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S30400<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n2.00<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n17.5-19.5<\/td>\n8.0-10.5<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S43000<\/td>\n0.12<\/td>\n1,00<\/td>\n0.04<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n16.0-18.0<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m<\/td>\nS\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, Mpa<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, Mpa<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i trong 2 \/50mm, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, %<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, HBW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\n205<\/td>\n515<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n183<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
403<\/td>\n205<\/td>\n450<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n201<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 430. V\u00ec th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430 ch\u1ee9a 16,00-18,00% crom n\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a niken n\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u crom v\u00e0 niken h\u01a1n;<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430 l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ferrite, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 l\u00e0 austenite, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430;<\/li>\n
  • \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai c\u1ee7a 304 cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 430;<\/li>\n
  • D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferrite 430 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304;<\/li>\n
  • T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n inox 430 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 do c\u00f3 th\u00eam nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 titan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L\u1edbp 304 v\u00e0 430 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit crom-niken th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 7,93 g \/ cm3, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18\/8, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 300 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao 800oC, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2130"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2131,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2130\/revisions\/2131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}