{"id":2126,"date":"2021-04-06T09:07:28","date_gmt":"2021-04-06T09:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2126"},"modified":"2021-04-06T09:09:30","modified_gmt":"2021-04-06T09:09:30","slug":"how-the-nitrogen-affect-316ln-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/how-the-nitrogen-affect-316ln-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Nit\u01a1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316LN nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"

316LN l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u1ed5 sung Nit\u01a1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e9p 316L<\/a> (0,06% ~ 0,08%), do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 316L, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1i sinh nhanh (FBRS). Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do h\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ed9 r\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00e3o-\u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n FBRS. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p kim h\u00f3a 0,06% ~ 0,08% N. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n 0,08% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316LN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u00f2 l\u1eeda<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nM\u01a1<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nS\u0129<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nFe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\n0.06-0.22<\/td>\n0.02-0.03<\/td>\n1.6-2.0<\/td>\n17-18<\/td>\n2.3-2.5<\/td>\n12.0-12.5<\/td>\n.50,5<\/td>\n.00,01<\/td>\n0,03<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.027<\/td>\n1,7<\/td>\n17.53<\/td>\n2.49<\/td>\n12.2<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.013<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.11<\/td>\n0.033<\/td>\n1.78<\/td>\n17.63<\/td>\n2.51<\/td>\n12.27<\/td>\n0.21<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.015<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n0.025<\/td>\n1.74<\/td>\n17.57<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n12.15<\/td>\n0.20<\/td>\n0.0041<\/td>\n0.017<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n0.028<\/td>\n1.70<\/td>\n17.57<\/td>\n2.54<\/td>\n12.36<\/td>\n0.20<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.018<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ed1n l\u00f4 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316LN c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 0,07%, 0,1%, 0,14% v\u00e0 0,22% v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon 0,03% \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nit\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00e3o. -\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316LN. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y nit\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 bao g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng dung d\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng (SFE), l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan xen k\u1ebd), ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau, nit\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u00e3n n\u1edf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n carbon.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp k\u1ebd t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c electron t\u1ef1 do, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m do v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron t\u1ef1 do g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1.<\/p>\n

N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 trong th\u00e9p Austenitic t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi carbon. Trong th\u00e9p Austenitic, nit\u01a1 xen k\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed thay th\u1ebf xen k\u1ebd. H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Fe trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Mn, Cr, Ti v\u00e0 V. C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng so v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1. nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 trong ph\u1ea1m vi ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c electron c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. Carbon th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed thay th\u1ebf trong dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eafn g\u1ed1c s\u1eaft, trong khi nit\u01a1 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp trong ph\u1ea1m vi ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (YS) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (UTS) c\u1ee7a 316L<\/a> th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1edd h\u1ee3p kim nit\u01a1 0,07% ~ 0,22%. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 300 ~ 1123K. L\u00e3o h\u00f3a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e3o h\u00f3a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng (DSA) gi\u1ea3m khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1 t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

316LN l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u1ed5 sung Nit\u01a1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e9p 316L (0,06% ~ 0,08%) n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 316L, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1i sinh nhanh (FBRS). Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do h\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp theo [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-activities"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2126"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2129,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions\/2129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}