{"id":2079,"date":"2018-02-23T08:08:35","date_gmt":"2018-02-23T08:08:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2079"},"modified":"2021-02-23T08:39:28","modified_gmt":"2021-02-23T08:39:28","slug":"304-stainless-steel-vs-321-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/304-stainless-steel-vs-321-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 VS Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i 304 v\u00e0 321 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic 300. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng 321 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 500-600oC. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321H l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a 321, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i 321. th\u00e9p 304<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321, n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, inox 321 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1edbp 304<\/a> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam Ti \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Ti ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh cacbua crom m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0m cho 321 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi 304, 316L. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u00fap inox 321 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a. th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321<\/a> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1ng leo t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi hai b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a 304, 321, 321H<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nS\u0129<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nTi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/a><\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n18.0\uff5e20.0<\/td>\n8,0\uff5e10,5<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n17.0-19.0<\/td>\n9.0-12.0<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n5C-0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321H<\/td>\n0.04-0.1<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n17.0-19.0<\/td>\n9.0-12.0<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.16-0.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a 304 v\u00e0 321<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, Mpa<\/td>\nS\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, Mpa<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i, %<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, HB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\n\u2265520<\/td>\n205-210<\/td>\n\u226540 \u226540<\/td>\nHB187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321<\/td>\n\u2265520<\/td>\n\u2265205<\/td>\n <\/td>\nHB187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321 ch\u1ee9a titan v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u niken (Ni) h\u01a1n 304, theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A182, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ti kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5 l\u1ea7n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon (C), nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 0,7%. Ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, l\u1edbp 321<\/a> th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a axit ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 v\u00e0 321 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, \u00f4 t\u00f4. L\u1edbp 304 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111a n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ecd th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n, t\u1ee7, n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u, v.v. TR\u00caN. L\u1edbp 321 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, than v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u, \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, v\u1ecf n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00f2, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m thanh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel, b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i , B\u1ed3n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, khe co gi\u00e3n, \u1ed1ng l\u00f2, v.v.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i 304 v\u00e0 321 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic 300. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng 321 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 500-600oC. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 321H l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a 321, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, trong \u0111\u00f3 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2079"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2081,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions\/2081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}