{"id":2073,"date":"2021-01-14T08:58:02","date_gmt":"2021-01-14T08:58:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2073"},"modified":"2021-01-14T08:58:02","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T08:58:02","slug":"whats-the-difference-between-316l-and-904l-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/whats-the-difference-between-316l-and-904l-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u00e9p 316L v\u00e0 904L l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "th\u00e9p c\u1ea5p y t\u1ebf", 316L<\/span> <\/em><\/a>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 dao m\u1ed5 y t\u1ebf do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00edt g\u00e2y d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e2y \u0111eo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi outokumpu<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ty \u1edf Ph\u1ea7n Lan s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i si\u00eau Austenite c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0 axit sulfuric lo\u00e3ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng crom, niken v\u00e0 molypden v\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, h\u00e3y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nS\u0129<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nM\u01a1<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nC\u1ee7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
316L<\/td>\n0,03<\/td>\n.10,1<\/td>\n.20,2<\/td>\n16-18<\/td>\n10-14<\/td>\n2-3<\/td>\n.00,04<\/td>\n0,03<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
904L<\/a><\/td>\n.00,02<\/td>\n.10,1<\/td>\n.20,2<\/td>\n19-23<\/td>\n23-28<\/td>\n4-5<\/td>\n.00,04<\/td>\n0,03<\/td>\n1-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 904L<\/em> <\/a>c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim crom, niken, molypden g\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 1,6 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L, \u0111\u1ed3ng 1%-2% l\u00e0m cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L. 904 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon (C) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n n\u00ean th\u00e9p \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m 904L \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L c\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 Rockwell (HRB) c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 95 v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n 490MPa. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai l\u1ea7m khi cho r\u1eb1ng inox 904L c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n inox 316L.<\/p>\n

Rolex l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a 904L v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. N\u0103m 1985, Rolex s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p 904L thay th\u1ebf cho th\u00e9p 316L. Th\u00e9p 904L ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u crom, gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n\u201d c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 Rolex m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u201cch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n\u201d ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00ec th\u00e9p 316L \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Th\u00e9p 904L th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p 316L<\/em><\/a>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e9p 316L kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u201ctuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p 904L c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u01a1n, 904L c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 316L v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 317L. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ed3ng 1,5% c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c axit kh\u1eed nh\u01b0 axit sulfuric v\u00e0 axit photphoric, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf do ion clorua g\u00e2y ra. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a axit sunfuric tinh khi\u1ebft 0-98%, 904L c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 40oC. Trong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c axit photphoric, 904L c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 60oC trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u clorua v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng niken cao, 904L c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao trong dung d\u1ecbch clorua, dung d\u1ecbch hydroxit \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u hydro sunfua.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e9p c\u1ea5p y t\u1ebf\u201d, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 dao m\u1ed5 y t\u1ebf do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00edt g\u00e2y d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e2y \u0111eo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 904L l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Austenitic do C\u00f4ng ty Outokumpu \u1edf Ph\u1ea7n Lan s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p si\u00eau [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2074,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2075,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2073\/revisions\/2075"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}