{"id":2253,"date":"2021-08-11T05:57:12","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T05:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2253"},"modified":"2024-08-07T02:11:10","modified_gmt":"2024-08-07T02:11:10","slug":"stainless-steel-pipe-grades-for-oil-and-gas-field","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/stainless-steel-pipe-grades-for-oil-and-gas-field\/","title":{"rendered":"Petrol ve gaz sahas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru kaliteleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Genel olarak konu\u015fursak, baz\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler, H2S i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 petrol ve gaz ortam\u0131n\u0131n gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layabilir, ancak CO2 veya H2S, CO2, Cl i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ortam, Martensitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin, dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin veya hatta nikel bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu yerde bir arada bulunur. . API 5CT'nin 1988 versiyonunda korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 boru \u00e7eli\u011fi kaliteleri eklendi ve 9Cr ve 13Cr Martensitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik kaliteleri ile C75 \u00e7elik kalitesi belirtildi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7 <\/strong>M<\/strong>petrol kuyusu i\u00e7in artensitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru <\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Ana gaz olarak CO2'nin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131slak ortamda, petrol kuyusu borusunda \u00e7ukurla\u015fma korozyonu ve tanecikler aras\u0131 korozyon vb. gibi yerel korozyon hasarlar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla meydana gelir. Cl \u2013 mevcutsa, yerel korozyon yo\u011funla\u015facakt\u0131r. Genel olarak Karbondioksit bas\u0131nc\u0131 0,021MPa'dan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda korozyonun g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebilece\u011fi, karbondioksit bas\u0131nc\u0131 0,021MPa'ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda korozyonun meydana gelece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. pCO2 0,021MPa'dan y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda korozyona kar\u015f\u0131 uygun \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Genel olarak, CO2 fraksiyonu 0,05Mpa'dan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda \u00e7ukurla\u015fman\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu herhangi bir hasar yoktur.<\/p>\n

CO2 korozyonunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli sal\u0131nan bir madde kullanman\u0131n etkisinin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu, 9%-13%Cr \u00e7eli\u011fi gibi y\u00fcksek kromlu \u00e7elik kullanman\u0131n etkisinin daha iyi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1970'lerden bu yana, baz\u0131 do\u011fal gaz kuyular\u0131nda CO2 korozyonunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in 9%Cr ve 13Cr% paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Amerikan Petrol Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (API), standart kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in 9Cr ve 13Cr martensitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular\u0131 (API L80-9Cr ve L80-13Cr) \u00f6nermektedir. 13Cr \u00e7eli\u011fi CO2 korozyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 daha iyi dirence sahipken, 9Cr-1Mo \u00e7eli\u011fi H2S gerilimli korozyon \u00e7atlamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 daha iyi dirence sahiptir. Prensip olarak, CO2 atmosferinde H2S mevcutsa her iki \u00e7elik de uygun de\u011fildir. CO2 petrol kuyusunda H2S mevcut oldu\u011funda, petrol kuyusu borusunun SSCC direnci m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar geli\u015ftirilmeli ve tekd\u00fcze martensit elde etmek i\u00e7in s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme ve temperleme \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemi benimsenmeli ve sertlik m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca HRC22'nin alt\u0131nda kontrol edilmelidir. .<\/p>\n

Petrol kuyusunun paslanmaz \u00e7elik kalitesi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seviye<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nAy<\/td>\nCR<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nCu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9Cr<\/td>\n\u22640,15<\/td>\n0.9-1.1<\/td>\n8.0-10.0<\/td>\n\u22640,5<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13Cr<\/td>\n0.15-0.22<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n12.0-14.0<\/td>\n\u22640,5<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SUP9Cr<\/td>\n\u22640,03<\/td>\n1.5-2.5<\/td>\n12.0-13.5<\/td>\n4.0-6.0<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SUP13Cr<\/td>\n\u22640,03<\/td>\n1.5-2.5<\/td>\n14.0-16.0<\/td>\n5.0-7.0<\/td>\n0.5-1.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Bununla birlikte, API 13Cr \u00e7elik borular, petrol kuyusu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 150\u00b0C veya daha y\u00fckse\u011fe ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda CO2 direncini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltt\u0131 ve hizmet \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131saltt\u0131. API 13Cr \u00e7elik borular\u0131n CO2 ve SSC'ye (s\u00fclfit stres \u00e7atlamas\u0131) kar\u015f\u0131 KOROZYON direncini artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Ni ve Mo katk\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu SUP13Cr \u00e7elik borular geli\u015ftirildi. \u00c7elik boru, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda, y\u00fcksek CO2 konsantrasyonlar\u0131nda ve az miktarda hidrojen s\u00fclfit i\u00e7eren \u0131slak ortamlarda kullan\u0131labilir. Bu t\u00fcplerin yap\u0131s\u0131 temperlenmi\u015f martensit ve 5%'den az ferrittir. CO2'ye kar\u015f\u0131 korozyon direnci, karbonu azaltarak veya Cr ve Ni ekleyerek geli\u015ftirilebilir ve \u00e7ukurla\u015fmaya kar\u015f\u0131 korozyon direnci, Mo ekleyerek geli\u015ftirilebilir. API 13Cr \u00e7elik boruyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, CO2 ve SSC'ye kar\u015f\u0131 korozyon direnci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin ayn\u0131 korozif ortamda API 13Cr \u00e7elik borunun korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 1 mm\/a'dan fazla olurken SUP13Cr \u00e7elik borunun korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 0,125 mm\/a'ya d\u00fc\u015fer. Derin ve ultra derin kuyular\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle birlikte petrol kuyusu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da artmaya devam ediyor. Petrol kuyusu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 180\u00b0C'nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131rsa, SUP13Cr petrol kuyusu borusunun korozyon direnci de d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flar ve bu da uzun s\u00fcreli kullan\u0131m gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layamaz. Geleneksel malzeme se\u00e7im prensibine g\u00f6re dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7elik veya Nikel bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

M<\/strong>artensitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik<\/strong>\u00a0petrol boru hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in boru<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The boru hatt\u0131 borusu<\/a> A\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 petrol ve gaz\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, petrol kuyusu borusuyla ayn\u0131 korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 malzemeyi gerektirir. Daha \u00f6nce boruya genellikle s\u00fcrekli sal\u0131nan maddeler veya \u00e7ift fazl\u0131 paslanmaz \u00e7elik gibi korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 malzemeler enjekte ediliyordu. Birincisi, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta korozyon \u00f6nleme etkisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan karars\u0131zd\u0131r ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fine neden olabilir. \u00c7ift fazl\u0131 paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin korozyon direnci iyi olmas\u0131na, maliyetinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na ve kaynak \u0131s\u0131 giri\u015finin kontrol edilmesinin zor olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, kaynak \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131 ve kaynak sonras\u0131 \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemin \u015fantiye in\u015faat\u0131nda zorluklar\u0131 beraberinde getirir. CO2 ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in martensitik 11Cr boru ve CO2+ iz H2S ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in martensitik 12Cr boru devreye al\u0131nd\u0131. Kolon, \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tma ve kaynak sonras\u0131 \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem olmaks\u0131z\u0131n iyi kaynaklanabilirli\u011fe sahiptir, mekanik \u00f6zellikleri X80 \u00e7elik kalitesine e\u015fit olabilir ve korozyon direnci, geciktirilmi\u015f ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 madde veya \u00e7ift fazl\u0131 paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru i\u00e7eren boru hatt\u0131ndan daha iyidir.<\/p>\n

Boru hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seviye<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nCR<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nAy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11Cr<\/td>\n\u22640,03<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12Cr<\/td>\n\u22640,03<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n5.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Petrol end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru<\/h3>\n

Martenzitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik SUP 15Cr, CO2 i\u00e7eren petrol (gaz) kuyusunun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 200\u00b0C'yi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda korozyon direnci gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layamaz ve CO2 ve Cl \u2014 gerilimli korozyon \u00e7atlaklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 iyi diren\u00e7li dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7elik gerekli oldu\u011funda. \u015eu anda, 22Cr<\/a> ve 25Cr dubleks (\u00d6stenitik ve Ferrit) paslanmaz \u00e7elikler, 200\u00b0C'nin \u00fczerindeki CO2 Kuyular\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur; \u00fcreticiler ise korozyon direncini ayarlamak i\u00e7in Cr ve Ni i\u00e7eri\u011fini ayarlar. Dubleks \u00e7elik, ferrit art\u0131 \u00d6stenitik fazdan olu\u015fur. Korozyon direncini artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Cr ve Ni'nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Mo ve N de eklenebilir. Dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin, martensit paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fe k\u0131yasla iyi bir y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k korozyon direncine sahip olmas\u0131na ek olarak, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda NACE TM 0177-A testinde, A \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde, 85%SMYS y\u00fckleme ortam\u0131nda, martenzit paslanmazda daha iyi H2S stresli korozyon \u00e7atlama direncine sahiptir. \u00e7elik yaln\u0131zca 10kPa H2S k\u0131smi bas\u0131n\u00e7 testini ge\u00e7ebilir, Duplex paslanmaz \u00e7elik 25Cr ise 100kPa H2S k\u0131smi bas\u0131n\u00e7 testini ge\u00e7ebilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Genel olarak CO2 ve H2S ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n bir arada bulunmas\u0131 veya H2S k\u0131smi bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n kritik seviyeye ula\u015fmamas\u0131 ancak Cl-'nin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, 13Cr \u00e7eli\u011finin (s\u00fcper 13Cr \u00e7eli\u011fi dahil) gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131, 22Cr<\/a> dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7elik (ASF 2205) veya s\u00fcper dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7elik 25Cr, Hatta y\u00fcksek Ni, Cr paslanmaz \u00e7elik ve G3, ala\u015f\u0131m 825 gibi 20% Cr, Ni30%'den daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren Ni bazl\u0131 ve Fe-Ni bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar gereklidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Genel olarak konu\u015fursak, baz\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler, H2S i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 petrol ve gaz ortam\u0131n\u0131n gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layabilir, ancak CO2 veya H2S, CO2, Cl i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ortam, Martensitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin, dubleks paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin veya hatta nikel bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu yerde bir arada bulunur. . API 5CT'nin 1988 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc, belirtilen korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 boru \u00e7eli\u011fi kalitelerini ekledi [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2227,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2253"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2309,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2253\/revisions\/2309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}