{"id":2211,"date":"2021-07-28T02:22:41","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T02:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2211"},"modified":"2021-07-28T02:24:47","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T02:24:47","slug":"the-heat-treatments-of-u-stainless-steel-heat-exchanger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/the-heat-treatments-of-u-stainless-steel-heat-exchanger\/","title":{"rendered":"U paslanmaz \u00e7elik \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricinin \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6stenitik U \u015feklindeki paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular\u0131n \u0131s\u0131l i\u015fleminden bahsederken \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi, hassasiyet ve y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flem s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bunun gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, borunun deformasyonuna neden olman\u0131n kolay oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Asl\u0131nda \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiremez ancak i\u015flenebilirli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbon i\u00e7eri\u011fi nedeniyle, <a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">304<\/a> Paslanmaz \u00e7elik \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim borusu, di\u015fli \u015fekillendirme kesicisinin y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak, tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131saltmak i\u00e7in normalle\u015ftirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda zordur. Eksik s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeden sonra elde edilen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu martensit ve demir kablo yap\u0131s\u0131, sertli\u011fi ve y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir ve borunun servis \u00f6mr\u00fc de 3 ~ 4 kat art\u0131r\u0131labilir. Buna ek olarak, u \u015feklindeki \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim borusu b\u00fckme par\u00e7as\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131na ve bariz i\u015f sertle\u015ftirme fenomenine sahiptir, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem gereklidir ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem i\u00e7in t\u00fcm ekipmanla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemi, dekapaj pasivasyonu \u00e7oktur. daha basit. Bu makalede, farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerde, b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131nda ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem \u015fartlar\u0131nda U-\u015fekilli borular \u00fczerinde bir dizi test yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ostenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f U-\u015feklinde borular i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemin gereklili\u011fi analiz edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Deneysel malzemeler:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">304<\/a> paslanmaz \u00e7elik U-boru<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Boyut: 19*2mm, b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131: 40, 15, 190, 265, 340mm<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Boyut: 25*2,5 mm B\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131: 40, 115, 190, 265, 340, mm<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Is\u0131l i\u015flem: i\u015flenmemi\u015f, kat\u0131 alt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi, kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Sertlik Testi<\/h3>\n<p>U-\u015fekilli \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem ve alt kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi olmadan b\u00fck\u00fclme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc: b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla sertlik de\u011feri artar. \u00c7\u00f6zelti i\u015fleminden sonra \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn sertlik de\u011ferinde (b\u00fckmeden \u00f6nceki de\u011ferle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda) belirgin bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yoktur. Bu, \u00d6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi etkisinin a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu ve deformasyonun artmas\u0131yla i\u015f sertle\u015fmesi e\u011filiminin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Mikroskobik inceleme<\/h3>\n<p>40 mm b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131na sahip U \u015feklindeki b\u00fckme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in: \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem uygulanmayan mikro yap\u0131da \u00e7ok say\u0131da martensit ve kayma \u00e7izgisi vard\u0131r ve mikro yap\u0131daki \u00f6stenitin e\u015f eksenli \u015fekli tamamen ortadan kaybolmu\u015ftur (\u00e7ok fazla martensit \u00e7eli\u011fin daha k\u0131r\u0131lgan). Kat\u0131 alt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti ile muamele edilmi\u015f dokudaki martensitin \u00e7o\u011fu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, ancak az miktarda martensit hala mevcuttur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6zelti i\u015fleminden sonra ostenit taneleri e\u015feksenli hale getirildi ve martenzit bulunamad\u0131. Kayma bantlar\u0131 ve martenzit, b\u00fck\u00fclme sonras\u0131nda R 115, 190, 265 ve 340 mm b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131na sahip u-\u015fekilli borular\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f mikro yap\u0131s\u0131nda da mevcuttu, ancak b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla i\u00e7erik giderek azald\u0131. U \u015feklindeki borunun b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 R, 265 mm&#039;ye e\u015fit veya daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden \u00f6nce ve sonra mikro yap\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etki \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. B\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 R 265 mm&#039;den az oldu\u011funda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f U \u015feklindeki t\u00fcplerin mikro yap\u0131s\u0131nda martenzit bulunur ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla (kat\u0131 alt\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi ve kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi) martenzit i\u00e7eri\u011fi azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Taneler aras\u0131 korozyon testi<\/h3>\n<p>Mikroskobik incelemede martensit varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n taneler aras\u0131 korozyonu etkilemedi\u011fi tespit edildi. Mutlakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f mikroyap\u0131da b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda martenzit bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen martensitin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile birlikte taneler aras\u0131 korozyon e\u011filimi yoktur. \u00c7\u00f6zelti muamelesinden \u00f6nce ve sonra baz\u0131 tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 geni\u015fledi ve geni\u015fleyen tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 martenzit da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131. Korozyon testi sonras\u0131nda mikroskobik incelemeye dayanarak test standard\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli durumlardaki U \u015feklindeki borular i\u00e7in b\u00fckme testi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. 180\u00b0 b\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra borularda taneler aras\u0131 korozyon \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131 bulunmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7\u00f6zelti ar\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6zelti i\u015fleminin etkisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6zelti s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etkilenmekte ve mikro yap\u0131 ve sertlik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde edilememektedir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k biraz daha y\u00fcksek olursa U \u015feklindeki par\u00e7an\u0131n i\u00e7inde i\u00e7b\u00fckeylik veya \u00e7atlak gibi kusurlar g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Deneyden, paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin so\u011fuk i\u015flemden sonra martenzit d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcnde korozyon direncinin etkisinin stresten \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. U \u015feklindeki t\u00fcp\u00fcn b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 115 mm&#039;den az oldu\u011funda, u \u015feklindeki t\u00fcp\u00fcn sol\u00fcsyon i\u015fleminden \u00f6nceki ve sonraki mikro yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yar\u0131\u00e7apl\u0131 U \u015feklindeki boru b\u00fckme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in, so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirmeden sonra kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Taneler aras\u0131 korozyon direncinin daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 gerekmiyorsa, b\u00fck\u00fclme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 265 mm&#039;ye e\u015fit veya daha az olan U \u015feklindeki b\u00fckme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flemine tabi tutulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir (art\u0131k gerilimi ortadan kald\u0131rmaya dikkat edin). B\u00fcy\u00fck yar\u0131\u00e7apl\u0131 e\u011frili\u011fe sahip u-\u015feklindeki \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r borular\u0131 i\u00e7in, stresli korozyona duyarl\u0131 ortamlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fckme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u00e7\u00f6zelti uygulanmayabilir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boru \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 direnci b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fundan, temizlenmesi zahmetli ve yap\u0131y\u0131 bloke etmek kolayd\u0131r ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 paslanmaz \u00e7elik borunun s\u0131v\u0131 direnci k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boru \u00e7ap\u0131 kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fildir, temizlenmesi kolayd\u0131r, daha viskoz veya kirli s\u0131v\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>WLD \u015eirketi, 10 mm&#039;den 114 mm&#039;ye, kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0,6 mm&#039;den 3,0 mm&#039;ye kadar 304\/316 paslanmaz \u00e7elik \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim borular\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir; Uzunluk, ger\u00e7ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilebilir. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa l\u00fctfen bug\u00fcn bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6stenitik U-\u015fekilli paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular\u0131n \u0131s\u0131l i\u015fleminden bahsederken \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi, hassasiyet ve y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6zelti i\u015flem s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bunun gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, borunun deformasyonuna neden olman\u0131n kolay oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Asl\u0131nda \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem paslanmaz\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiremez [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2211"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2216,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2211\/revisions\/2216"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}