{"id":2167,"date":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2167"},"modified":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T06:54:20","slug":"nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/nickel-austenitic-stainless-steel-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"Nikel \u00d6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik kaliteleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nikel pahal\u0131 bir ala\u015f\u0131m elementi olarak bilinir ve hem stresli korozyon direncinin hem de ostenit yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 uygulamalarda gereklidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ostenitin oldu\u011fu y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortamlar\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fcnme direnci \u00f6nemlidir. paslanmaz \u00e7elikler<\/a> ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Geleneksel \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklere benzer \u015fekilde ikiz s\u0131n\u0131r, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck istifleme hatas\u0131 enerjisi nedeniyle nikel a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerin \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. \u00d6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elikler stresli korozyon \u00e7atlamas\u0131na (SCC) e\u011filimlidir. Bununla birlikte, nikel i\u00e7eri\u011fi 20%'yi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gerilimli korozyon direnci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar. 16%~21% krom i\u00e7eren Fe-Ni-Cr ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda nikelin stres korozyonu e\u015fi\u011finin (105\u00b0C, 22% NaCl sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi) stres yo\u011funlu\u011fu \u00fczerindeki etkisi incelenmi\u015ftir. Nikel bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik (NiASS), ayr\u0131 bir paslanmaz \u00e7elik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Asl\u0131nda, bifazik ve ferrit paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerin gerilimli korozyon direnci, nikel i\u00e7eri\u011fi 30%'yi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bifazik ve ferrit paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerinkiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir d\u00fczeydedir. Birka\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 dereceli nikel a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elikler<\/a> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda listelenmi\u015ftir. S\u00fcper \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elikler 254SMO ve 654SMO, \u00f6zellikle petrol ve gaz end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tipik uygulamalar deniz suyu so\u011futma, ka\u011f\u0131t hamuru a\u011fartma ve hidrolik ve aletli boru ekipmanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ni-\u00d6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik kaliteleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nSi<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCR<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nAy<\/td>\nW<\/td>\nortak<\/td>\nCu<\/td>\nNot<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n6.1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.7<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
654SMo<\/td>\n0.01<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n7.3<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 25<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n22.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/td>\n3.6<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n3.0<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanicro 28<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n3.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m 800<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n20.5<\/td>\n30.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353MA<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n1.6<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m 825<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n38.5<\/td>\n2.6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m 625<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n21<\/td>\nbal<\/td>\n8.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m 690<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131m 600<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n16.5<\/td>\nbal<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

22Cr-25Ni ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan SANICRO 25, 700 \u00b0C'ye kadar olan kazanlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130yi s\u00fcr\u00fcnme k\u0131r\u0131lma mukavemeti ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta korozyon direnci nedeniyle k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygun bir malzemedir. Asl\u0131nda SANICRO 25'in s\u00fcr\u00fcnme k\u0131r\u0131lma mukavemeti, 600~750\u00b0C aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011finkinden \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Olduk\u00e7a a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 asidik ortamlarda Sanicro 28 genellikle en iyi se\u00e7imdir. Borulu, mahfazal\u0131 ve asit gaz astarl\u0131 y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu sondaj kuyular\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve di\u011fer uygulamalar aras\u0131nda \u0131slak fosforik asit tesisleri ve s\u00fcper fosforik asit tesislerindeki \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar, pompa sistemleri ve pompalar ve kaplar bulunur.<\/p>\n

Ala\u015f\u0131m 800, genellikle m\u00fckemmel s\u00fcr\u00fcnme direnci, iyi y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta korozyon direnci ve malzemelerin y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k dayan\u0131m\u0131 gerektiren 550 ila 1100 \u00b0 C aras\u0131ndaki ortamlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ala\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131ca amonyak, metanol ve sivil gaz \u00fcretiminin giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131nda, ayr\u0131ca vinil klor\u00fcr ve etilen \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan f\u0131r\u0131n t\u00fcplerinde de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer uygulamalar aras\u0131nda ak\u0131\u015fkanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yanma yataklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim t\u00fcpleri ve radyasyon t\u00fcpleri ile susturucu t\u00fcpleri ve termokupllar i\u00e7in koruyucu k\u0131l\u0131flar gibi \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131 yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

25Cr-35Ni ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 353Ma, karb\u00fcrleme ve nitrojen emiliminin potansiyel olarak problemli oldu\u011fu ortamlarda sentetik gazlar\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi par\u00e7alama f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda ve reforming t\u00fcplerinde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha fazla krom i\u00e7eren ba\u015fka alternatifler olsa da 353 MA en iyi se\u00e7imdir. Bunun bir nedeni, \u00e7ok kararl\u0131 bir y\u00fczey oksit tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan Ce elementini i\u00e7ermesidir.<\/p>\n

Ala\u015f\u0131m 690 y\u00fczde 60 oran\u0131nda nikel i\u00e7erir ve esas olarak n\u00fckleer santrallerdeki buhar jenerat\u00f6rlerinin borular\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 365\u00b0C'dir ve bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta taneler aras\u0131ndaki stresli korozyon \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131 potansiyel bir sorundur. Verilen hizmet ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, 690 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 neredeyse hi\u00e7 korozyona u\u011framaz, bu da onu tercih edilen ala\u015f\u0131m yapar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nikel a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin \u00d6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik 254SMO'nun sanat i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek ilgin\u00e7tir. Carl Milles'in \u201cG\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00dczerindeki Tanr\u0131\u201d heykeli 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda Stockholm'deki Nak Strand'\u0131n g\u00fcney sahiline yerle\u015ftirildi. Heykel yakla\u015f\u0131k 23 m y\u00fcksekli\u011findedir ve her g\u00fcn \u00e7ok say\u0131da denizcinin ge\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00fcnl\u00fc bir manzara noktas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7evredeki deniz suyu tuz i\u00e7erir, klor\u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00fczey korozyonuna neden olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok kolayd\u0131r, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli s\u00fcper \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7elik 254SMO bu ortam i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygundur.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nikel pahal\u0131 bir ala\u015f\u0131m elementi olarak bilinir ve hem stresli korozyon direncinin hem de \u00f6stenit yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 uygulamalarda gereklidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerin gerekli oldu\u011fu y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortamlar\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fcnme direnci \u00f6nemlidir. Geleneksel \u00f6stenitik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklere benzer \u015fekilde ikiz s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelliktir [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2171,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-activities"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2167"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2172,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2167\/revisions\/2172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}