{"id":2159,"date":"2021-07-14T07:35:14","date_gmt":"2021-07-14T07:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2159"},"modified":"2021-07-14T07:38:30","modified_gmt":"2021-07-14T07:38:30","slug":"the-choice-of-stainless-steel-material-for-food-and-beverage-industrial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/the-choice-of-stainless-steel-material-for-food-and-beverage-industrial\/","title":{"rendered":"Yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecek end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in paslanmaz \u00e7elik malzeme se\u00e7imi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve di\u011fer g\u0131da i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrilerinde paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin kullan\u0131m\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan zorluklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rleri ve kuyu suyu gibi do\u011fal y\u00fczey sular\u0131yla ilgilidir. Bira fabrikalar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi g\u0131dayla ilgili end\u00fcstrilerin \u00e7o\u011fu, past\u00f6rizasyon ve sterilizasyonla ili\u015fkili olarak buharla \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan veya suyla so\u011futulan s\u0131cak ortamlar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131r ve bu nedenle s\u0131kl\u0131kla stres korozyonu \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 gibi sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Genel olarak g\u0131da i\u015fleme, standart paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fi korozyona u\u011fratmaz. <a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">AISI304<\/a> veya 316. Bununla birlikte, bu sekt\u00f6rdeki geni\u015f i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemleri, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 korozyon ar\u0131zas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Paslanmaz \u00e7elik s\u00fct \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rlerinde erozyon\/korozyon.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta laktik asit ve di\u011fer organik asitlerin neden oldu\u011fu tekd\u00fcze korozyon.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00fczey suyu veya kuyu suyunun neden oldu\u011fu mikrobiyal korozyon.<\/li>\n<li>Gerilim korozyonu \u00e7atlaklar\u0131, esas olarak \u201cklor\u00fcr \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Titre\u015fimden kaynaklanan korozyon yorgunlu\u011fu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fct end\u00fcstrisindeki plakal\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rlerde peynir alt\u0131 suyu, s\u00fct ve proses suyu, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi 1.4401 paslanmaz \u00e7elikten \u00fcretilen plakal\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla i\u015flenmektedir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">\u00dcr\u00fcnler<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">Giri\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">\u00a0\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\uff0c\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Kesilmi\u015f s\u00fct\u00fcn suyu<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">30<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">10<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">Orta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">S\u00fct<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">7<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">30<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">Y\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Proses suyu<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">57<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">14<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kirlenmi\u015f g\u0131dan\u0131n s\u0131zmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in proses suyunun bas\u0131nc\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tutulur. S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131, ince plakalar\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 noktas\u0131nda birbirleriyle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelir ve bu durum, bas\u0131n\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131n\u0131p korozyona u\u011framas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ince kesitteki yorulma \u00e7atlaklar\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Kesitin metalografik mikroskobik incelemesi, herhangi bir gerilim korozyonu \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n meydana gelmedi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7 proses su taraf\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan, bas\u0131n\u00e7 dalgalanmalar\u0131 ve ak\u0131\u015fkan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 titre\u015fimleriyle birle\u015fti\u011finde bu tarafta erozyon\/korozyon meydana gelir. Plakalar\u0131n fiziksel \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin yolu bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek veya plakalar aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi artt\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kuyu suyunun neden oldu\u011fu mikrobiyal korozyon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2162 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Microbial-corrosion-caused-by-well-water.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"366\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Microbial-corrosion-caused-by-well-water.png 366w, https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Microbial-corrosion-caused-by-well-water-242x300.png 242w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/>G\u0131da end\u00fcstrisi genellikle kuyu suyu kullan\u0131r. Kuyu suyundaki demir i\u00e7eri\u011fi olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir, bu da demirle ilgili bakterileri aktive edebilir ve ciddi korozyona neden olabilir. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan su ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemlerinden biri, yiyeceklerin tad\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi hale getirmek ve temizleme ve durulama sonras\u0131nda paketleme ve i\u015fleme ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n korozyonunu \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla kuyu suyundaki demirin uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fczey ve kuyu suyu ayn\u0131 zamanda hem aerobik hem de anaerobik ko\u015fullarda aktif olan \u00e7e\u015fitli mikroorganizma t\u00fcrlerini de i\u00e7erir. Aerobik demirle ilgili bakteriler demir iyonlar\u0131n\u0131 oksitlerken, anaerobik demirle ilgili bakteriler demir iyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Bu iki reaksiyon sonu\u00e7ta mikrobiyal korozyon (MIC) olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit azalt\u0131c\u0131 bakteriler, asit \u00fcreten bakteriler gibi di\u011fer mikroorganizmalar da suda aktif olabilir. Ayn\u0131 biyofilmde aerobik bakteriler ve (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da) anaerobik bakteriler aktif olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Konserve sebzeleri i\u015flemek i\u00e7in kuyu suyu kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (past\u00f6rizasyondan sonra y\u0131kay\u0131n ve so\u011futun). Suyun uzun s\u00fcre akmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda 316L imal edilen borular suyun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7erisinde s\u0131zd\u0131rma yapar. Kuyu suyunun kendisi so\u011fuktur (10\u00b0C&#039;nin alt\u0131nda), ancak uzun s\u00fcre boru i\u00e7erisinde hareketsiz kalmas\u0131 halinde yaz aylar\u0131nda rahatl\u0131kla 30\u00b0C&#039;ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Legionella ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda daha y\u00fcksek aktivite oranlar\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 biyofilmler olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Klor dezenfeksiyonu ve sterilizasyonundan kaynaklanan \u00e7ukurla\u015fma korozyonu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sodyum hipoklorit, paslanmaz \u00e7elik ekipmanlar\u0131n temizli\u011finde ve dezenfekte edilmesinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Sodyum hipoklorit konsantrasyonu \u00e7ok y\u00fcksekse veya temizleme ve dezenfeksiyon s\u00fcresi \u00e7ok uzunsa, sodyum hipoklorit, \u00f6zellikle s\u0131cakl\u0131k 25\u00b0C&#039;nin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funda paslanmaz \u00e7elikte ciddi korozyona neden olur.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stres korozyon k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>60\u00b0C&#039;nin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda klor\u00fcr stres korozyon k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 riski vard\u0131r. So\u011fuk deformasyon, \u00e7ekme gerilmesi ve klor\u00fcr i\u00e7eri\u011fi artt\u0131k\u00e7a risk artar. Tavlamas\u0131z so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f boruyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tavlanm\u0131\u015f boru, klor\u00fcr stresli korozyon k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 duyars\u0131zd\u0131r. S\u00fct end\u00fcstrisinde kullan\u0131lan d\u00fcz diki\u015fli kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7elik borular\u0131n d\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131, imalat i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fck\u00fclmenin neden oldu\u011fu kesitteki \u00e7ekme gerilimleri nedeniyle klor\u00fcre kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok daha hassast\u0131r. Di\u011fer uygulamalarda, boru \u015feklindeki \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rleri, klor\u00fcr stresli korozyon \u00e7atlamas\u0131ndan sorumlu olabilir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k 60\u00b0C&#039;yi a\u015farsa, kabu\u011fun bir taraf\u0131nda klor\u00fcr stres \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir. AISI 304 ve 316 bu soruna kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r ve ferritik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerin kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi \u015feker evaporat\u00f6rlerinde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda stres korozyonu k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 riski vard\u0131r. onun yerine kullan\u0131labilir. Ferritik paslanmaz \u00e7elik AISI 441, ba\u015fta AISI 439 olmak \u00fczere \u015feker end\u00fcstrisinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Pratik kullan\u0131mda boru se\u00e7imi 304 paslanmaz \u00e7elik ve 439 paslanmaz \u00e7elik olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. <a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">304 paslanmaz \u00e7elik<\/a> daha k\u0131sa borular i\u00e7in ve 439 daha uzun borular i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n<p>304 paslanmaz \u00e7elik: Borunun uzunlu\u011fu 3 metreden az oldu\u011funda \u00e7elik se\u00e7ilebilir. Is\u0131l genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/materials\/austenitic-stainless-steel\/304-304l-stainless-steel\/\">304<\/a> paslanmaz \u00e7elik 1,8 \u00d7 10-2 mm \/ m \u00b0 C&#039;dir ve bu, karbon \u00e7eli\u011finden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Kap y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta oldu\u011funda borunun termal gerilimi y\u00fcksektir. AISI 304 paslanmaz \u00e7elik borular fabrikada d\u00fcz diki\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131larak tavlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>439 Paslanmaz \u00c7elik: ASTM439, 5 m uzunlu\u011fa kadar evaporat\u00f6rler veya bobinler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, titanyumla stabilize edilmi\u015f ferritik paslanmaz \u00e7eliktir (17% ~ 19%Cr). Borunun uzunlu\u011fu 7 m&#039;den fazla oldu\u011funda, klor\u00fcr konsantrasyonu y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda ve so\u011fuk deformasyon derecesi y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda stres korozyonu k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 riski daha y\u00fcksektir. AISI 439 gibi ferritik paslanmaz \u00e7eliklerde gerilim korozyonu k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 meydana gelmez. Aral\u0131k korozyonunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, e\u011fer korozyon direnci ve hijyenik ko\u015fullar izin veriyorsa, insanlar genellikle kabu\u011fu kal\u0131n karbon \u00e7elik levha ve i\u00e7 duvar\u0131 ince kal\u0131nl\u0131kta olan \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131rlar. AISI439 \u00e7elik boru. Bu \u015fekilde karbon \u00e7eli\u011fi, ince duvarl\u0131 paslanmaz \u00e7elik boru i\u00e7in katodik koruma sa\u011flayabilir, tasar\u0131m ve \u00fcretim maliyetini azaltabilir ve servis \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatabilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve di\u011fer g\u0131da i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrilerinde paslanmaz \u00e7eli\u011fin kullan\u0131m\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan zorluklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rleri ve kuyu suyu gibi do\u011fal y\u00fczey sular\u0131yla ilgilidir. Bira fabrikalar\u0131 gibi, g\u0131dayla ilgili end\u00fcstrilerin \u00e7o\u011fu da s\u0131kl\u0131kla buharla \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan veya suyla so\u011futulan, past\u00f6rizasyon ve sterilizasyonla ili\u015fkilendirilen s\u0131cak ortamlar kullan\u0131r, [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2159"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2163,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2159\/revisions\/2163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}