{"id":2187,"date":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2187"},"modified":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","modified_gmt":"2021-07-20T14:22:17","slug":"austenitic-heat-resistant-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/austenitic-heat-resistant-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Austenitick\u00e1 Tepeln\u011b odoln\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 ocel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nerezov\u00e9 plechy 309 a 310 jsou \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 austenitick\u00e9 oceli vyzna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed se vysok\u00fdm obsahem Cr a Ni. 309S a 310S jsou jejich n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 verze. V oxida\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch maj\u00ed oba vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi a pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. P\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b je mikrostruktura matrice austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli 310 \u010dist\u00e1 \u03b3. 310 je tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201enerezov\u00e1 ocel 2520\u201c, proto\u017ee obsahuje chrom 25% a nikl 20%. 310S a 309S nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 oxidovat p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b a jsou b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy odolnosti v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m. Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee rychlost oxidace 310 je pomal\u00e1, kdy\u017e je teplota ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1000 \u2103. Jak teplota st\u00e1le stoup\u00e1 na 1200 \u2103, stupe\u0148 oxidace 310 se rychle zrychluje. Krom\u011b toho se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159eprav\u011b a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00fdch kyselin, jako je kyselina dusi\u010dn\u00e1 o koncentraci 65% ~ 85%.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Alternativn\u00ed materi\u00e1l v jin\u00fdch norm\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<p>JIS G4303 SUS 309S, SUS 310S<\/p>\n<p>EN 10088-1 X12CrNi23-13\/ 1.4833, X15CrNiSi25-21\/1.4841, X8CrNi25-21\/ 1.4845<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ASTM<\/td>\n<td>309<\/td>\n<td>309S<\/td>\n<td>310<\/td>\n<td>310S<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,20<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,08<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,25<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Si<\/td>\n<td>\u22641,00<\/td>\n<td>\u22641,00<\/td>\n<td>\u22641,50<\/td>\n<td>\u22641,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mn<\/td>\n<td>\u22642,00<\/td>\n<td>\u22642,00<\/td>\n<td>\u22642,00<\/td>\n<td>\u22642,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>P<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,045<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,045<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,045<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,045<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,030<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,030<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,030<\/td>\n<td>\u22640,030<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cr<\/td>\n<td>22.00~24.00<\/td>\n<td>22.00~24.00<\/td>\n<td>24.00~26.00<\/td>\n<td>24.00~26.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ni<\/td>\n<td>12.00~15.00<\/td>\n<td>12.00~15.00<\/td>\n<td>19.00~22.00<\/td>\n<td>19.00~22.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Za podm\u00ednek vysok\u00e9 teploty m\u016f\u017ee tepeln\u011b odoln\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 ocel 310 udr\u017eet v\u00fdkon stabiln\u00ed, nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 jej zkorodovat a oxidovat zven\u010d\u00ed. Je to zp\u016fsobeno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vysok\u00fdm obsahem Cr v samotn\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli 310, kov Cr se m\u016f\u017ee slu\u010dovat s kysl\u00edkem a vytv\u00e1\u0159et oxidov\u00fd film Cr2O3, kter\u00fd neust\u00e1le pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 povrch oceli 310, dokud nen\u00ed cel\u00fd obal, ekvivalentn\u00ed oceli 310, navle\u010den na \u201eochrann\u00fd od\u011bv\u201c. \u201c, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit vnit\u0159n\u00edmu kontaktu kovu 310 s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btem. To je hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt ocel 310 dobrou odolnost proti oxidaci p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>U \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli je chromov\u00fd (Cr) prvek stabiln\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b, nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k oxidaci a odpad\u00e1v\u00e1. Ale obsah Cr nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fd, jinak se hou\u017eevnatost nerezov\u00e9 oceli tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, proto\u017ee Cr m\u016f\u017ee podporovat vznik \u03b1 slo\u017een\u00ed a inhibovat \u03b3, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho \u03b1 m\u016f\u017ee snadno v\u00e9st ke vzniku k\u0159ehk\u00e9 f\u00e1ze. Proto douf\u00e1me, \u017ee v austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli z\u016fstane obsah Cr m\u00edrn\u00fd, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee nejen zajistit vlastnosti materi\u00e1lu ve v\u0161ech aspektech, ale tak\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit vzniku n\u011bkter\u00fdch k\u0159ehk\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nikl je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem v \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli a hraje aktivn\u00ed roli p\u0159i podpo\u0159e tvorby \u03b3. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed obsahu Ni m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit velmi n\u00edzkou teplotu p\u0159echodu z \u03b3 do af\u00e1ze, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it stabilitu austenitov\u00e9 matrice. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee vhodn\u00fd obsah Ni zjevn\u011b zlep\u0161it celkov\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti a dobr\u00e9 sva\u0159ovac\u00ed vlastnosti nerezov\u00e9 oceli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nerezov\u00e9 plechy 309 a 310 jsou \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 austenitick\u00e9 oceli vyzna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed se vysok\u00fdm obsahem Cr a Ni. 309S a 310S jsou jejich n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 verze. V oxida\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch maj\u00ed oba vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi a pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. P\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b je mikrostruktura matrice austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli 310 \u010dist\u00e1 \u03b3. 310 je [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2187"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2188,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2187\/revisions\/2188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}