{"id":2126,"date":"2021-04-06T09:07:28","date_gmt":"2021-04-06T09:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2126"},"modified":"2021-04-06T09:09:30","modified_gmt":"2021-04-06T09:09:30","slug":"how-the-nitrogen-affect-316ln-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/how-the-nitrogen-affect-316ln-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak dus\u00edk ovliv\u0148uje nerezovou ocel 316LN?"},"content":{"rendered":"

316LN je verze s p\u0159\u00eddavkem dus\u00edku zalo\u017een\u00e1 na Ocel 316L<\/a> (0,06% ~ 0,08%), tak\u017ee m\u00e1 stejn\u00e9 vlastnosti jako 316L, byl pou\u017eit p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b vysokoteplotn\u00edch konstruk\u010dn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v rychl\u00e9m mno\u017eiv\u00e9m reaktoru (FBRS). Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obsahu uhl\u00edku v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje n\u00e1chylnost k prask\u00e1n\u00ed koroz\u00ed pod nap\u011bt\u00edm v d\u016fsledku sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m korozivn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Te\u010den\u00ed, n\u00edzkocyklov\u00e1 \u00fanava a interakce mezi te\u010den\u00edm a \u00fanavou jsou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi faktory pro komponenty FBRS. Pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch Nerezov\u00e1 ocel 316L<\/a> lze zlep\u0161it na nerezovou ocel 316 legov\u00e1n\u00edm 0,06% ~ 0,08% N. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku bude diskutov\u00e1n vliv obsahu dus\u00edku vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e 0,08% na mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti nerezov\u00e9 oceli 316L p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed nerezov\u00e9 oceli 316LN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Pec<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nMo<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nSi<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nFe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Normy<\/td>\n0.06-0.22<\/td>\n0.02-0.03<\/td>\n1.6-2.0<\/td>\n17-18<\/td>\n2.3-2.5<\/td>\n12.0-12.5<\/td>\n\u22640,5<\/td>\n\u22640,01<\/td>\n\u22640,03<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.07<\/td>\n0.027<\/td>\n1,7<\/td>\n17.53<\/td>\n2.49<\/td>\n12.2<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.013<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.11<\/td>\n0.033<\/td>\n1.78<\/td>\n17.63<\/td>\n2.51<\/td>\n12.27<\/td>\n0.21<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.015<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n0.025<\/td>\n1.74<\/td>\n17.57<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n12.15<\/td>\n0.20<\/td>\n0.0041<\/td>\n0.017<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n0.028<\/td>\n1.70<\/td>\n17.57<\/td>\n2.54<\/td>\n12.36<\/td>\n0.20<\/td>\n0.0055<\/td>\n0.018<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tyto \u010dty\u0159i \u0161ar\u017ee nerezov\u00e9 oceli 316LN s obsahem dus\u00edku 0,07%, 0,11%, 0,14% a 0,22% a obsahem uhl\u00edku 0,03% byly testov\u00e1ny za \u00fa\u010delem studia \u00fa\u010dink\u016f dus\u00edku na pevnost v tahu, te\u010den\u00ed, n\u00edzkocyklovou \u00fanavu a te\u010den\u00ed. -\u00fanavov\u00e9 vlastnosti nerezov\u00e9 oceli 316LN. C\u00edlem tohoto experimentu je nal\u00e9zt optim\u00e1ln\u00ed obsah dus\u00edku pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed kombinace vlastnost\u00ed v tahu, te\u010den\u00ed a n\u00edzkocyklov\u00e9 \u00fanav\u011b. Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee dus\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee zlep\u0161it pevnost v tahu, te\u010den\u00ed a \u00fanavovou pevnost austenitick\u00fdch korozivzdorn\u00fdch ocel\u00ed. D\u016fvody pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pevnosti zahrnuj\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed roztoku, sn\u00ed\u017eenou energii stohovac\u00ed chyby (SFE), precipita\u010dn\u00ed zpevn\u011bn\u00ed, tvorbu kompozit\u016f (interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky), atomovou segregaci a uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 zpevn\u011bn\u00ed. Vzhledem k jejich odli\u0161n\u00fdm vlastnostem v\u00fdm\u011bny elektron\u016f m\u00e1 rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd dus\u00edk v austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed expanzn\u00ed objem ne\u017e uhl\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b elastick\u00e9 interakce mezi dus\u00edkem a dislokac\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje pevnost tak\u00e9 elektrostatick\u00e1 interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed disloka\u010dn\u00ed interakce. Disloka\u010dn\u00ed j\u00e1dra se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed nedostatkem voln\u00fdch elektron\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee maj\u00ed kladn\u00fd n\u00e1boj. Atomy dus\u00edku v austenitick\u00fdch nerezov\u00fdch ocel\u00edch jsou z\u00e1porn\u011b nabit\u00e9 kv\u016fli poloze voln\u00fdch elektron\u016f v bl\u00edzkosti atom\u016f dus\u00edku a elektrostatick\u00e9 interakci mezi dislokacemi a atomy dus\u00edku.<\/p>\n

Efektivn\u00ed vazebn\u00e1 energie mezi atomem dus\u00edku a dislokac\u00ed se zvy\u0161uje se zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm obsahu dus\u00edku v austenitick\u00e9 oceli, ale u uhl\u00edku nen\u00ed korelace z\u0159ejm\u00e1. V austenitick\u00fdch ocel\u00edch interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed dus\u00edk interaguje se substitu\u010dn\u00edmi prvky a m\u00e1 tendenci vytv\u00e1\u0159et interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed substitu\u010dn\u00ed atomov\u00e9 kompozice. Slou\u010denina se snadno v\u00e1\u017ee na prvky nalevo od Fe v periodick\u00e9 tabulce, jako je Mn, Cr, Ti a V. Existuje siln\u00e1 korelace mezi vlastnostmi meziatomov\u00e9 vazby (tj. orientace versus neorientace) a bl\u00edzkost\u00ed sousedn\u00edch atomy ve v\u00edceslo\u017ekov\u00e9m slitinov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. Vazba mezi atomy kov\u016f usnad\u0148uje uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed na kr\u00e1tkou vzd\u00e1lenost, co\u017e je vazba atom\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch prvk\u016f. Meziatomov\u00e1 polarizace usnad\u0148uje v\u00fdm\u011bnu kovalentn\u00edch elektron\u016f, vazbu mezi atomy stejn\u00e9ho prvku. Uhl\u00edk podporuje agregaci substitu\u010dn\u00edch atom\u016f v pevn\u00e9m roztoku na b\u00e1zi \u017eeleza, zat\u00edmco dus\u00edk usnad\u0148uje uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee mez kluzu (YS) a mez pevnosti v tahu (UTS). 316L<\/a> nerezov\u00e1 ocel se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161ila legov\u00e1n\u00edm dus\u00edku 0,07% ~ 0,22%. N\u00e1r\u016fst pevnosti byl pozorov\u00e1n ve v\u0161ech testech v teplotn\u00edm rozsahu 300 ~ 1123 K. Dynamick\u00e9 deforma\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed bylo pozorov\u00e1no v omezen\u00e9m teplotn\u00edm rozsahu. Teplotn\u00ed rozsah dynamick\u00e9ho deforma\u010dn\u00edho st\u00e1rnut\u00ed (DSA) se s rostouc\u00edm obsahem dus\u00edku sni\u017euje.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

316LN je verze s p\u0159\u00eddavkem dus\u00edku zalo\u017een\u00e1 na oceli 316L (0,06% ~ 0,08%), tak\u017ee m\u00e1 stejn\u00e9 vlastnosti jako 316L, byla pou\u017eita p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b vysokoteplotn\u00edch konstruk\u010dn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v rychl\u00e9m mno\u017eiv\u00e9m reaktoru (FBRS). Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obsahu uhl\u00edku v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje n\u00e1chylnost ke korozn\u00edmu prask\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm v n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch korozn\u00edch [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-activities"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2126"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2129,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2126\/revisions\/2129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}