{"id":2079,"date":"2018-02-23T08:08:35","date_gmt":"2018-02-23T08:08:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/?p=2079"},"modified":"2021-02-23T08:39:28","modified_gmt":"2021-02-23T08:39:28","slug":"304-stainless-steel-vs-321-stainless-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/304-stainless-steel-vs-321-stainless-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"304 Nerezov\u00e1 ocel VS 321 Nerezov\u00e1 ocel"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak t\u0159\u00edda 304, tak 321 pat\u0159\u00ed do austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli \u0159ady 300. Jsou podobn\u00e9 v odolnosti proti korozi, pevnosti, tvrdosti a sva\u0159ovac\u00edm v\u00fdkonu, ale 321 se v\u011bt\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch tepeln\u00e9 odolnosti 500-600 \u2103. Nerezov\u00e1 ocel 321H je n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkovou verz\u00ed oceli 321, je b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvanou \u017e\u00e1ruvzdornou ocel\u00ed, jej\u00ed\u017e obsah uhl\u00edku je m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u t\u0159\u00edd 321. ocel 304<\/a> je alternativou k nerezov\u00e9 oceli 321, kde je vy\u017eadov\u00e1na sp\u00ed\u0161e odolnost proti mezikrystalov\u00e9 korozi ne\u017e pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Nerezov\u00e1 ocel t\u0159\u00eddy 321 je sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem novou verz\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na t\u0159\u00edda 304<\/a> p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm Ti ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed korozn\u00ed odolnosti hranic zrn a pevnosti p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. Jako stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed prvek Ti prvek \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00ed tvorbu karbidu chr\u00f3mu, tak\u017ee 321 m\u00e1 robustn\u00ed pevnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, dokonce mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 304, 316L. D\u00edky v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu obsahu niklu m\u00e1 nerezov\u00e1 ocel 321 dobrou odolnost proti ot\u011bru v r\u016fzn\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch a teplot\u00e1ch organick\u00fdch kyselin, zejm\u00e9na v oxida\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch. 321 nerezov\u00e1 ocel<\/a> m\u00e1 lep\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti proti protr\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a mechanickou odolnost proti te\u010den\u00ed ne\u017e nerezov\u00e1 ocel 304. Dovolte mi, abych p\u0159esn\u011b uk\u00e1zal rozd\u00edl mezi nimi pomoc\u00ed dvou n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fdch tabulek.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed 304, 321, 321H<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Zn\u00e1mky<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nSi<\/td>\nMn<\/td>\nCr<\/td>\nNi<\/td>\nS<\/td>\nP<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nTi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/a><\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n18,0\u201320,0<\/td>\n8.0\u201310.5<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n17.0-19.0<\/td>\n9.0-12.0<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n5C - 0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321H<\/td>\n0.04-0.1<\/td>\n1.0<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n17.0-19.0<\/td>\n9.0-12.0<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n0.045<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.16-0.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mechanick\u00e1 vlastnost 304 a 321<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Zn\u00e1mky<\/td>\nPevnost v tahu, Mpa<\/td>\nMez kluzu, Mpa<\/td>\nProdlou\u017een\u00ed, %<\/td>\nTvrdost, HB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\n\u2265520<\/td>\n205-210<\/td>\n\u226540\u226540<\/td>\nHB187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
321<\/td>\n\u2265520<\/td>\n\u2265205<\/td>\n <\/td>\nHB187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jak je vid\u011bt z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 tabulky, nerezov\u00e1 ocel 321 obsahuje titan a v\u00edce niklu (Ni) ne\u017e 304, podle ASTM A182 by obsah Ti nem\u011bl b\u00fdt men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5n\u00e1sobek obsahu uhl\u00edku (C), ale ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 0,71 TP3T. Ti m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit senzibilizaci nerezov\u00e9 oceli a zlep\u0161it \u017eivotnost p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, tj. t\u0159\u00edda 321<\/a> je vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1dob s kyselinami odoln\u00fdmi proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed odoln\u00fdch proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a dopravn\u00edch potrub\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f ne\u017e nerezov\u00e1 ocel 304 ve vysokoteplotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nerezov\u00e9 oceli 304 a 321 lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro chemick\u00e9, ropn\u00e9 a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e9 oblasti, automobilov\u00e1 pole. T\u0159\u00edda 304 je nerezov\u00e1 ocel pro v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed a m\u00e1 nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed aplikace v rodin\u011b nerezov\u00e9 oceli, jako je n\u00e1dob\u00ed, sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b, kotle, autod\u00edly, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje, stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, chemik\u00e1lie, potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lodn\u00ed doprava, p\u0159eprava ropy atd. na. T\u0159\u00edda 321 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v chemick\u00fdch, uheln\u00fdch a ropn\u00fdch pol\u00edch, kde je vy\u017eadov\u00e1na odolnost v\u016f\u010di korozi na hranic\u00edch zrn a vysokoteplotn\u00edm vlastnostem, jako jsou spalovac\u00ed trubky naftov\u00fdch v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 trubky motoru, kryty kotl\u016f, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edky tepla, sou\u010d\u00e1sti pec\u00ed, sou\u010d\u00e1sti tlumi\u010d\u016f vzn\u011btov\u00fdch motor\u016f, tlakov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby kotl\u016f , chemick\u00e9 p\u0159epravn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kompenz\u00e1tory, potrub\u00ed pec\u00ed atd<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak t\u0159\u00edda 304, tak 321 pat\u0159\u00ed do austenitick\u00e9 nerezov\u00e9 oceli \u0159ady 300. Jsou podobn\u00e9 v odolnosti proti korozi, pevnosti, tvrdosti a sva\u0159ovac\u00edm v\u00fdkonu, ale 321 se v\u011bt\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch tepeln\u00e9 odolnosti 500-600 \u2103. Nerezov\u00e1 ocel 321H je n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e1 verze oceli 321, je b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e1 ocel, z n\u00ed\u017e [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2079"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2081,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2079\/revisions\/2081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wldstainless.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}